Reviews and perspectives

Hiroshi Kimura, Masaki Nishikawa, Naokata Kutsuzawa, et al. Advancements in Microphysiological systems: Exploring organoids and organ-on-a-chip technologies in drug development -focus on pharmacokinetics related organs-. Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics. 2025;60:101046. doi:10.1016/j.dmpk.2024.101046

Surat Parvatam, Francesca Pistollato, Lindsay J. Marshall, et al. Human-based complex in vitro models: their promise and potential for rare disease therapeutics. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2025;13. doi:10.3389/fcell.2025.1526306

Monique M. A. Verstegen, Rob P. Coppes, Anne Beghin, et al. Clinical applications of human organoids. Nature Medicine. 2025:1-13. doi:10.1038/s41591-024-03489-3

Lena Smirnova, Thomas Hartung. The Promise and Potential of Brain Organoids. Advanced Healthcare Materials. 2024:2302745. doi:10.1002/adhm.202302745

Darwin R. Reyes, Mandy B. Esch, Lorna Ewart, et al. From animal testing to in vitro systems: advancing standardization in microphysiological systems. Lab on a Chip. 2024. doi:10.1039/D3LC00994G

Surat Parvatam, David Pamies, Francesca Pistollato, et al. Taking the leap toward human-specific nonanimal methodologies: The need for harmonizing global policies for microphysiological systems. Stem Cell Reports. 2024;19(1):37-40. doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.11.008

John Parascandola. A History of the Development of Alternatives to Animals in Research and Testing. In: New Directions in the Human-Animal Bond. West Layfayette: Purdue University Press; 2024. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ndhab/7.

Raquel Alonso-Roman, Alexander S. Mosig, Marc Thilo Figge, et al. Organ-on-chip models for infectious disease research. Nature Microbiology. 2024:1-14. doi:10.1038/s41564-024-01645-6

Oliver Cameron, Joana F. Neves, Eileen Gentleman. Listen to Your Gut: Key Concepts for Bioengineering Advanced Models of the Intestine. Advanced Science. 2024;11(5):2302165. doi:10.1002/advs.202302165

Guiyoung Park, Yeri Alice Rim, Yeowon Sohn, Yoojun Nam, Ji Hyeon Ju. Replacing Animal Testing with Stem Cell-Organoids : Advantages and Limitations. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports. 2024. doi:10.1007/s12015-024-10723-5