TY - JOUR AU - Vajihe Azimian Zavareh AU - Laleh Rafiee AU - Mohammadali Sheikholeslam AU - Laleh Shariati AU - Golnaz Vaseghi AU - Houman Savoji AU - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard AB - Common models used in breast cancer studies, including two-dimensional (2D) cultures and animal models, do not precisely model all aspects of breast tumors. These models do not well simulate the cell–cell and cell–stromal interactions required for normal tumor growth in the body and lake tumor like microenvironment. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models are novel approaches to studying breast cancer. They do not have the restrictions of these conventional models and are able to recapitulate the structural architecture, complexity, and specific function of breast tumors and provide similar in vivo responses to therapeutic regimens. These models can be a link between former traditional 2D culture and in vivo models and are necessary for further studies in cancer. This review attempts to summarize the most common 3D in vitro models used in breast cancer studies, including scaffold-free (spheroid and organoid), scaffold-based, and chip-based models, particularly focused on the basic and translational application of these 3D models in drug screening and the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer. BT - ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering DA - 2022-11-14 DO - 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00277 IS - 11 N2 - Common models used in breast cancer studies, including two-dimensional (2D) cultures and animal models, do not precisely model all aspects of breast tumors. These models do not well simulate the cell–cell and cell–stromal interactions required for normal tumor growth in the body and lake tumor like microenvironment. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models are novel approaches to studying breast cancer. They do not have the restrictions of these conventional models and are able to recapitulate the structural architecture, complexity, and specific function of breast tumors and provide similar in vivo responses to therapeutic regimens. These models can be a link between former traditional 2D culture and in vivo models and are necessary for further studies in cancer. This review attempts to summarize the most common 3D in vitro models used in breast cancer studies, including scaffold-free (spheroid and organoid), scaffold-based, and chip-based models, particularly focused on the basic and translational application of these 3D models in drug screening and the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer. PY - 2022 SP - 4648 EP - 4672 ST - Three-Dimensional in Vitro Models T2 - ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering TI - Three-Dimensional in Vitro Models: A Promising Tool To Scale-Up Breast Cancer Research UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00277 VL - 8 Y2 - 2023-02-02 ER -