01684nas a2200193   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260000900043100001300052700001500065700002100080700001700101245004000118856006200158300001100220490000700231520123800238022001401476       2024                            d  c20241 aYu Zhang1 aSi-Ming Lu1 aJian-Jian Zhuang1 aLi-Guo Liang00aAdvances in gut–brain organ chips  uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cpr.13724  ae137240 v573 aThe brain and gut are sensory organs responsible for sensing, transmitting, integrating, and responding to signals from the internal and external environment. In-depth analysis of brain–gut axis interactions is important for human health and disease prevention. Current research on the brain–gut axis primarily relies on animal models. However, animal models make it difficult to study disease mechanisms due to inherent species differences, and the reproducibility of experiments is poor because of individual animal variations, which leads to a significant limitation of real-time sensory responses. Organ-on-a-chip platforms provide an innovative approach for disease treatment and personalized research by replicating brain and gut ecosystems in vitro. This enables a precise understanding of their biological functions and physiological responses. In this article, we examine the history and most current developments in brain, gut, and gut–brain chips. The importance of these systems for understanding pathophysiology and developing new drugs is emphasized throughout the review. This article also addresses future directions and present issues with the advancement and application of gut–brain-on-a-chip technologies.  a1365-2184