01683nas a2200181   4500000000100000008004100001260001400042100002100056700002300077700002000100700002200120245012200142856005900264300000800323490000700331520114900338022001401487       2024                            d  c2024-6-281 aMarco De Spirito1 aValentina Palmieri1 aGiordano Perini1 aMassimiliano Papi00aBridging the Gap: Integrating 3D Bioprinting and Microfluidics for Advanced Multi-Organ Models in Biomedical Research  uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11274229/  a6640 v113 aRecent advancements in 3D bioprinting and microfluidic lab-on-chip systems offer promising solutions to the limitations of traditional animal models in biomedical research. Three-dimensional bioprinting enables the creation of complex, patient-specific tissue models that mimic human physiology more accurately than animal models. These 3D bioprinted tissues, when integrated with microfluidic systems, can replicate the dynamic environment of the human body, allowing for the development of multi-organ models. This integration facilitates more precise drug screening and personalized therapy development by simulating interactions between different organ systems. Such innovations not only improve predictive accuracy but also address ethical concerns associated with animal testing, aligning with the three Rs principle. Future directions include enhancing bioprinting resolution, developing advanced bioinks, and incorporating AI for optimized system design. These technologies hold the potential to revolutionize drug development, regenerative medicine, and disease modeling, leading to more effective, personalized, and humane treatments.  a2306-5354