01936nas a2200241   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260000900043653003000052653002000082653002900102653002300131100001400154700001700168700001600185700001700201245007000218856006700288300001200355490000700367520130600374022001401680       2024                            d  c202410amicrophysiological system10apatient-derived10aphysiologically-relevant10aPrecision Medicine1 aJihoon Ko1 aJiyoung Song1 aNakwon Choi1 aHong Nam Kim00aPatient-Derived Microphysiological Systems for Precision Medicine  uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adhm.202303161  a23031610 v133 aPatient-derived microphysiological systems (P-MPS) have emerged as powerful tools in precision medicine that provide valuable insight into individual patient characteristics. This review discusses the development of P-MPS as an integration of patient-derived samples, including patient-derived cells, organoids, and induced pluripotent stem cells, into well-defined MPSs. Emphasizing the necessity of P-MPS development, its significance as a nonclinical assessment approach that bridges the gap between traditional in vitro models and clinical outcomes is highlighted. Additionally, guidance is provided for engineering approaches to develop microfluidic devices and high-content analysis for P-MPSs, enabling high biological relevance and high-throughput experimentation. The practical implications of the P-MPS are further examined by exploring the clinically relevant outcomes obtained from various types of patient-derived samples. The construction and analysis of these diverse samples within the P-MPS have resulted in physiologically relevant data, paving the way for the development of personalized treatment strategies. This study describes the significance of the P-MPS in precision medicine, as well as its unique capacity to offer valuable insights into individual patient characteristics.  a2192-2659