01664nas a2200205   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260001200043653002200055653001300077100003100090700001700121700002300138245007800161856005500239300001200294490000700306520113100313022001401444       2023                            d  c2023-0410aBiological models10aDiabetes1 aBelin Selcen Beydag-Tasöz1 aSiham Yennek1 aAnne Grapin-Botton00aTowards a better understanding of diabetes mellitus using organoid models  uhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41574-022-00797-x  a232-2480 v193 aOur understanding of diabetes mellitus has benefited from a combination of clinical investigations and work in model organisms and cell lines. Organoid models for a wide range of tissues are emerging as an additional tool enabling the study of diabetes mellitus. The applications for organoid models include studying human pancreatic cell development, pancreatic physiology, the response of target organs to pancreatic hormones and how glucose toxicity can affect tissues such as the blood vessels, retina, kidney and nerves. Organoids can be derived from human tissue cells or pluripotent stem cells and enable the production of human cell assemblies mimicking human organs. Many organ mimics relevant to diabetes mellitus are already available, but only a few relevant studies have been performed. We discuss the models that have been developed for the pancreas, liver, kidney, nerves and vasculature, how they complement other models, and their limitations. In addition, as diabetes mellitus is a multi-organ disease, we highlight how a merger between the organoid and bioengineering fields will provide integrative models.  a1759-5037