01904nas a2200229   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260001500043653003800058653002400096653002300120653002000143653001900163100002200182700001500204700001800219245006300237300000900300490000700309520134400316022001401660       2022                            d  c2022-05-0310aNew Approach Methodologies (NAMs)10aalternative methods10aanimal replacement10aanimal research10aanimal testing1 aIsobel Hutchinson1 aCarla Owen1 aJarrod Bailey00aModernizing Medical Research to Benefit People and Animals  a11730 v123 aIn the context of widespread public and political concern around the use of animals in research, we sought to examine the scientific, ethical and economic arguments around the replacement of animals with New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) and to situate this within a regulatory context. We also analyzed the extent to which animal replacement aligns with British public and policymakers' priorities and explored global progress towards this outcome. The global context is especially relevant given the international nature of regulatory guidance on the safety testing of new medicines. We used a range of evidence to analyze this area, including scientific papers; expert economic analysis; public opinion polls and the Hansard of the UK Parliament. We found evidence indicating that replacing animals with NAMs would benefit animal welfare, public health and the economy. The majority of the British public is in favor of efforts to replace animals and focusing on this area would help to support the British Government's current policy priorities. We believe that this evidence underlines the need for strong action from policymakers to accelerate the transition from animal experiments to NAMs. The specific measure we suggest is to introduce a new ministerial position to coordinate and accelerate the replacement of animals with NAMs.  a2076-2615