01609nas a2200349   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260001500043653001200058653002400070653002100094653001100115653002600126653001400152653002200166653002300188653002100211653002100232653002100253653002100274653001800295653002300313653002400336653002300360100002900383700002900412245008400441300001200525490000700537520070100544022001401245       2018                            d  c2018-03-0110aAnimals10aBlood-Brain Barrier10aDrug development10aHumans10aLab-On-A-Chip Devices10aNeoplasms10aOrgan Specificity10aTissue engineering10adisease modeling10aDrug development10ahuman physiology10ahuman stem cells10amicrofluidics10aPrecision Medicine10apreclinical studies10aTissue engineering1 aKacey Ronaldson-Bouchard1 aGordana Vunjak-Novakovic00aOrgans-on-a-Chip: A Fast Track for Engineered Human Tissues in Drug Development  a310-3240 v223 aOrgans-on-a-chip (OOCs) are miniature tissues and organs grown in vitro that enable modeling of human physiology and disease. The technology has emerged from converging advances in tissue engineering, semiconductor fabrication, and human cell sourcing. Encompassing innovations in human stem cell technology, OOCs offer a promising approach to emulate human patho/physiology in vitro, and address limitations of current cell and animal models. Here, we review the design considerations for single and multi-organ OOCs, discuss remaining challenges, and highlight the potential impact of OOCs as a fast-track opportunity for tissue engineering to advance drug development and precision medicine.  a1875-9777