01942nas a2200289   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260001100043653001900054653001700073653001600090653003700106653002600143653001100169653001400180100001800194700002700212700002700239700001900266700001800285245005100303856004400354300000800398490000700406520122500413022001401638       2022                            d  c2022/210adisease models10adrug testing10alimitations10amicrophysiological systems (MPS)10aorgan-on-a-chip (OoC)10asurvey10ausability1 aMathias Busek1 aAleksandra Aizenshtadt1 aMikel Amirola-Martinez1 aLudivine Delon1 aStefan Krauss00aAcademic User View: Organ-on-a-Chip Technology  uhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/12/2/126  a1260 v123 aOrgan-on-a-Chip (OoC) systems bring together cell biology, engineering, and material science for creating systems that recapitulate the in vivo microenvironment of tissues and organs. The versatility of OoC systems enables in vitro models for studying physiological processes, drug development, and testing in both academia and industry. This paper evaluates current platforms from the academic end-user perspective, elaborating on usability, complexity, and robustness. We surveyed 187 peers in 35 countries and grouped the responses according to preliminary knowledge and the source of the OoC systems that are used. The survey clearly shows that current commercial OoC platforms provide a substantial level of robustness and usability—which is also indicated by an increasing adaptation of the pharmaceutical industry—but a lack of complexity can challenge their use as a predictive platform. Self-made systems, on the other hand, are less robust and standardized but provide the opportunity to develop customized and more complex models, which are often needed for human disease modeling. This perspective serves as a guide for researchers in the OoC field and encourages the development of next-generation OoCs.  a2079-6374