@article{1811,
  keywords = {Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Betacoronavirus, Cell Culture Techniques, Cell Differentiation, Cell Lineage, Cell Proliferation, Culture Media, enterocytes, Gene expression, Humans, Ileum, Lung, Male, organoids, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, RNA, Messenger, Receptors, Virus, Respiratory Mucosa, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, Virus Replication},
  author = {Mart M. Lamers and Joep Beumer and Jelte van der Vaart and Kèvin Knoops and Jens Puschhof and Tim I. Breugem and Raimond B. G. Ravelli and J. Paul van Schayck and Anna Z. Mykytyn and Hans Q. Duimel and Elly van Donselaar and Samra Riesebosch and Helma J. H. Kuijpers and Debby Schipper and Willine J. van de Wetering and Miranda de Graaf and Marion Koopmans and Edwin Cuppen and Peter J. Peters and Bart L. Haagmans and Hans Clevers},
  title = {SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes},
  abstract = {Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an influenza-like disease that is primarily thought to infect the lungs with transmission through the respiratory route. However, clinical evidence suggests that the intestine may present another viral target organ. Indeed, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is highly expressed on differentiated enterocytes. In human small intestinal organoids (hSIOs), enterocytes were readily infected by SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, as demonstrated by confocal and electron microscopy. Enterocytes produced infectious viral particles, whereas messenger RNA expression analysis of hSIOs revealed induction of a generic viral response program. Therefore, the intestinal epithelium supports SARS-CoV-2 replication, and hSIOs serve as an experimental model for coronavirus infection and biology.},
  year = {2020},
  journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
  volume = {369},
  pages = {50-54},
  month = {2020-07-03},
  issn = {1095-9203},
  doi = {10.1126/science.abc1669},
  language = {eng},
}